Breast Enhancement

Breast

Feeling womanly, now a days , includes the correct shaped and placed breast also, which can improve the self esteem and confidence. The field of breast enlargement and enhancement have come a long way over the years. Today it has become one of the most important thing in the field of beauty and personality.
Breasts can start to droop at any age as they do NOT have muscles in them. They have ligaments and connective tissue.  When the gravity acts, these will get stretched , making breast droop.

There are many reasons why a woman is going for this concern.  The reasons may be varying from person to person.
-The size of the breast will be genetically defined to be small, so that even if the lady is fat, the breast size will be small.
- The slim nature of the body .
-Significant loss of weight will lead to decrease in cup size and loss of elasticity also.
- Breast involution:-  Post Pregnancy,  Breast feeding  and Menopause will lead to shrinking of milk making system, which leads to loss of skin elasticity and size giving an empty and sagged look.
-Aging also causes loose skin and sagging.
Those women who do not want to undergo implants and surgery, the treatment with autologus stem cells from fat tissues offers a very safe and effective method to improve their look and attractiveness.
The process goes by extracting the stem cells from patient’s own fat tissues and then re injecting them back to her own breast.  After Harvesting the fat cells  the stem cells are extracted and activated .
The stem cells are then concentrated with the fat, and/or PRP growth factors, and/or Hyaluronic acid scaffoding matrix and re-injected into the breast under local anesthesia.
This will result in blood vessel growth and enriches the injected fat cells to enlarge the breast.
This  results enlarged breasts, by 1 or 2 extra cup size, that are very natural in appearance and feel without the complications associated with implants.

This procedure will not interfere with future Mammograms or breastfeeding. The technique does not require general anesthesia, typically requires only 48 hour recovery period and leaves permanent result.

Stretch Mark

Stretch Marks
The  stretching  due to  rapid growth or weight changes, may lead to tearing of the dermis leading to scaring on the skin, which gradually may diminish, but will not disappear completely.
Stretch marks may  be formed  by hormonal changes associated with puberty, pregnancy, bodybuilding etc.
Stretch marks formed during pregnancy, mostly during the last trimester, are seen on the belly, but also commonly occur on the breasts, thighs, hips, lower back and buttocks also. They  are known as striae gravidarum
Symptoms and signs
The appearance of stretch marks depends on the color of the skin; they can start out pink, reddish brown, brown, or dark brown, and fade over time to a more silvery color.
Most likely to appear in places where larger amounts of fat  are stored.
They affect the health in no way, but have  an important part in cosmetics
The glucocorticoid hormones is responsible for the development of stretch marks. They  affect the dermis by preventing the fibroblasts from forming collagen and elastin fibers, which  keep rapidly growing skin taut. This creates a lack of supportive material, as the skin is stretched and leads to dermal and epidermal tearing.
Prevention 
In The sustained hormonal levels as a result of pregnancy leads to  stretch marks mainly during the sixth or seventh month, primarily during the 3rd trimester. It is believed that the creams and oils containing Vitamin E can prevent the marks upto some extent.
 Removal
When stretch marks show up, it’s best to treat them as early as possible.
In recent years  new technology, called Platelet Rich Plasma Therapy has come to show great promise. Along with the benefit of using your own tissue and liminating allergy , the power of your own stem cells  are used for  benefit.
The benefits to you are that platelet rich plasma can rejuvenate your skin improving texture and lines with a gradual natural change. By placing it into the deeper skin layer fibroblasts and other cells can be stimulated to give a glowing and smooth skin, as it increases the collagen and elastin production.
The production of more cells will help the damaged dermis to become  more elastic and leaving the scars and marks behind.

Joint Damage

Joint Damage and Sports Injury
Sports injuries” are injuries that happen when playing sports or exercising.  They may be  by accidents or  can be a  result of poor training practices or improper gear.
Tendons and ligaments are made up of fibers of collagen.  When they get stretched or torn we call the injury as a “pull”, “tear”, “sprain” (ligament) or “strain” (tendon).
Due to Many Reasons the joints may get affected badly, leading to the damage of the function of the joint
The main Joint Diseases  curable with PRP  
Osteo Arthritis
Rheumatic Arthritis
Psoriatic Arthritis
Osteo Porosis
Ankylosing Spondilitis
Cartilage Distruction
And any types of secondary joint diseases
Sports Injuries Curable with PRP: 
Acute : The Signs are
Sudden, severe pain with or without Swelling.  The patient may not be able to place weight on a leg, knee, ankle, or foot. Tenderness on arm, elbow, wrist, hand, or finger. Extreme weakness of the part. A bone or joint that  can be  visibly dislocated.
Chronic injuries:- The Signs are
Pain on playing and exercising. There may be dull acing on rest. These symptoms may or may not be accompanied with swelling.
The most common sports injuries are:
Treatments
Common treatments for these joint pain and sports injuries  include rest, activity modification, ice, anti-inflammatories, physical therapy, massage, pain killers  and cortisone injections. When patient have been through these types of therapies and continue to have symptoms they are often told to consider surgery. These are perfect candidates for PRP treatment. In acute  cases it can speed up the recovery
Just after the injury Rest and Cold compression is needed. Then elevate the part and stabilize.
Painkillers can be used along with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to help reduce the pain caused by sprains and fractures and any swelling.
For persistent inflammation a corticosteroid injection may be recommended.
Surgery
Most sports injuries do not require surgery. However, very severe injuries, may require corrective surgery.
Physiotherapy and  Exercise along with good nutrition
PRP in Sports injury and Joint Re-Construction
Tissue repair in musculoskeletal lesions is often a slow and sometimes incomplete process.
Sometimes, after the injury, the healing process does not take place properly. Instead of forming healthy collagen fibers, significant scar tissue that develops in its place.
PRP is the new Hope in the field of sports injuries as it increases the blood vessels and collagen fibers in the damaged area, as it contains platelets with  a large variety of growth factors .
Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) therapy is a new scientific therapy, and is  easier, safer, cheaper and in many cases just as effective as surgery,  it holds great promise. It is  designed to aid in the healing and regeneration of soft tissues such as tendons and ligaments.
In PRP treatment a natural concentration of antilogous growth factors are injected into the site of injury
Platelets release natural “growth factors” that help repair and regenerate connective tissues also . These  tissues like  ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and bone are frequently damaged in athletes.
Therefore  injecting a large number of platelets enriched with activated growth factors at the site of an injury helps heal the injury.
PRP helps the body to heal itself. It potentially facilitate healing and earlier return to sport after musculoskeletal injury.
Platelet-rich plasma has been used to treat conditions such as lateral epicondylitis, ligament and muscle strains, and tears of the rotator cuff, anterior cruciate ligament, and Achilles tendon.
PRP can be applied at the site of injury either during surgery or through an injection in the physician’s office.

Some of the more publicized recipients of PRP therapy include Tiger Woods (a golfer who was recovering from ACL surgery), Kobe Bryant (a basketball player with cartilage damage in his knee),Alex Rodriquez (a baseball player recovering from hip surgery), and Rafael Nadal (a tennis player with knee tendinitis).

Chronic Wounds

Wound Healing

The  normal skin,  with the help of the epidermis (outermost layer) and dermis (inner or deeper layer) , forms a protective barrier against the external environment. Once this  barrier is broken, means when the injury happens,  the normal (physiologic) process of wound healing is immediately set in motion.

The classic stages of wound healing

(1)Stage of  Hemostasis

When an injury happens , platelets (thrombocytes) aggregate at the injury site to form a clot.  This is happened by the release of  non-globular  Protein called Fibrin, which is polymerized to form a “mesh” that forms a hemostatic plug or clot, over the site.  This clot prevents further bleeding.

(2)Stage of  Inflammation

In this stage cell debris and pathogens like  bacteria are phagocytoed and removed.  Some  factors helping for the migration and division of cells involved in the proliferative phase are also starting to be released in this stage.

(3)Stage of proliferation

In this stage new blood vessels are formed( angiogenesis) . Collagen deposition , Granulation and Epithelial tissue formations are taking place to re build the wound tissue. These processes will lead to contraction of wound. This leads to  re-epithelialization of the epidermis, which grows  atop the wound bed, covering  the new tissue.

The wound is made smaller by the action of myofibroblasts which make a grip on the wound edges and contract themselves using a mechanism similar to that in smooth muscle cells.

(4) Stage Remodeling.

After closing of the wound the collagen  is getting deposited more  and  remodeled and realigned along tension lines. The unwanted cells undergo apoptosis and are removed from the site.

Involved growth factors and Their Main Functions

• Epidermal GF( Granulation Tissue formation)
• Transforming GF (Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Expression of antimicrobial peptides)
• Hepatocyte GF(Epithelial and Endothelial proliferation)
• Vascular endothelial GF (Vascular permeability and Endothelial cell proliferation)
• Platelet Derived GF(Granulocyte, macrophage and fibroblast activation and Fibroblast, endothelial cell and smooth muscle cell proliferation
• Fibroblast GF 1& 2(Fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation; Angiogenesis; Wound contraction; Matrix (collagen fibers) deposition)
• Transforming GF  Angiogenesis,  Keratinocyte proliferation)
• Keratinocyte GF (Keratinocyte migration, proliferation and differentiation)

Chronic Wounds

Non-healing, or chronic wounds, are complex wounds that do not progress through the usual phases of healing. Almost all of them may remain in inflammatory stage. The degradation of the tissues will be more and production of new healthy tissues will be low.

Chronic wounds may never heal or may take years to do so

Factors which may contribute to this include diabetes, venous or arterial disease, old age, and infection.

Types of Chronic Wounds

Venous and arterial ulcers

Usually occur in the legs, account for about 70% to 90% of chronic wounds and mostly affect the elderly

Diabetic ulcers

Have a higher risk of amputation due to chronic wounds

Pressure ulcers

Usually occur in people with conditions such as paralysis  that inhibit movement of body parts that are commonly subjected to pressure such as the heels, shoulder blades, and sacrum , mainly due to ischemia.

Major Factors Leading To Chronic Wounds

Ischemia

There is a restriction in blood flow  to tissues causing lack of oxygen and glucose leading to cell death. It is generally caused by problems with blood vessels, like vaso constriction, thrombosis or embolism.

Bacterial Colonization

The lack of oxygen will  decrease white blood cells to fight against Bacteria.  So the immune response comes down and the bacteria prolongs the inflammation,  delays healing, and damages tissue. Eventually this will end up in gangrene and more damage and destruction. Patients carrying  drug resistant bacterial strains have more chronic wounds.

Growth factors and proteolytic enzymes

In chronic wounds, the proteolytic enzymes are higher, leading to low proteins helping in healing  and  Growth factors are lower. the factors may be prevented from proper functioning of wound healing and new  cell production or degraded in excess by cellular or bacterial proteases

Factors affecting Wound Healing

Many factors controlling the efficacy, speed, and manner of wound healing fall under two types: Local and Systemic Factors.

Local Factors

Mechanical Factors,Edema, Ischemia and Necrosis, Foreign Bodies, Low Oxygen Tension, Repeated Trauma,

Systemic Factors

Inadequate Perfusion, Inflammation, Nutrient, Metabolic Diseases, Immuno suppression, Connective Tissue Disorders, Smoking

PRP in Healing

Autologus PRP  have platelets  enriched with clotting and  growth factors which are helpful in producing new cells and in removal of the debris. It has both mitogenic and chemotactic properties.

PRP wound repair by releasing locally active growth factors via a granules degranulation. The growth factors will help healing by providing undifferentiated cells in the new Extra Cellular Matrix and  Boosting the new cell division.

It can suppress cytokine release and reduce inflammation. It will help in production of capillaries and epithelial growth.

With the help of leucocytes present in them and  by releasing signaling proteins which attacks the macrophages, it will improve the immune system also.

Skin & Face

SKIN AGING                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Get Treated
Aging of human skin results from a combination of  two important processes.
A gradual, natural  decline in functions over time (intrinsic aging) and induced damage caused by environmental factors (extrinsic aging), which may  include smoking and drugs, exposure to chemicals, usage of some medicines, pollution, and notably, ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation.
Continued exposure of these will result in collagen degeneration and destruction resulting in the impairment of the structural integrity of the dermal Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM) causing the skin to wrinkle.
Fine lines, wrinkles, age spots, dullness , sagging skin etc. are treated as unwelcomed reminders of the aging process
PRP in skin Rejuvenation
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologus preparation of platelets in concentrated plasma.
Platelet Rich Plasma [PRP] Skin Rejuvenation Therapy utilizes the potential of the  body  growth factors and healing and regenerating cells  to improve the overall texture and tone of your skin, naturally. This is coming under  regenerative medicine that works with your body to restore your skin from within
As it is a natural way of approach in rejuvenation and repair  by using the unique cells from bodies own system,  it is safe and can be  used without any  allergic  or  rejection reactions.
It revitalizes the skin by improving blood supply and stimulating collagen formation.
Platelet rich plasma (PRP) obtained from the blood contains platelets enriched with growth factors, which stimulate collagen production when injected into the skin.
Levels of  pro collagen type I carboxy-terminal peptide (PIP) are seen to be  increased when the skin is treated with PRP helping in the production of more collagen and new cells .
The growth factors  in prp stimulate proliferation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes, which produce collagen and keratin. These will help in production of hyaluronic acid also o increase skin tone and volume providing a more youthful appearance.
Best results are acquired through 2-3 consecutive treatments.
The Areas Can Be Treated
 Forehead and Frown Lines
Crow Lines and Under Eye Depressions
Nasolabial Folds  and Oral Commissures
Skin Sagging and Age Spots
Neck Lines and Wrinkles
The Procedure
The Physicians will assess the degree of skin aging by performing a simple skin analysis. After that they will decide and design  the mode and number of treatments needed.
For the process the skin will be cleansed and prepared. Local anesthetic cream is applied to make the area targeting to be numbed, making the treatment very comfortable. . Nerve blocks may also be given according to the need. Blood is taken from your arm and taken to the lab for the further processes and centrifugation.
After this process the concentrated autologus  platelet rich plasma is separated and reintroduced to the skin, under strictly hygienic conditions .
Initially PRP is  injected into any obvious lines or wrinkles. The remainder of the plasma is then injected all over the rest of the skin area to be treated.
A dermal roller treatment may then be applied – this helps more of the PRP to get into the skin
The expected Results
It can give improvement to  facial creases, wrinkles, sun damage and lines. It result is in smooth, evenly toned and textured skin that looks and feels younger. PRP therapy can be used to treat almost any area of your body, including your face, chest, neck, and hands.
This treatment stimulates collagen and new blood vessels formation for more nutrition .
As the improvement occurs naturally, the complete result will be acquired gradually and subtly, enhancing your skin’s health beautifully. This therapy is ideal for those who are looking for gradual, but noticeable and natural improvement in wrinkle correction, skin texture, tone, and color with minimal or no recovery time
Improvement of skin texture and tone can be noticeable within two to  three weeks and improvement continues for the next 6- 8 months as more collagen and keratin is produced and  laid under the skin. The results typically last 2 years or longer, according the health and immunity of the donor.
PRP treatment is extremely safe and natural, because PRP is produced from your own blood, There is no risk of an allergic reaction. Moreover, PRP contains concentrated amount of white blood cells, the natural defenders against infections. As a result, infection is extremely rare with our PRP treatment.
Contra-Indications
Low platelet count, Platelet Dysfunction Syndrome, Hypofibrinogenaemia, Sepsis, Acute and Chronic infections, Chronic Liver pathology, Heavy Smokers and Drug Addictors,  Critical Thrombo Cytopenia ,  Person with Cancer, Severe metbolic Disorders.

Hair

HAIRLOSS
One of the most feared cosmetic changes that running through in the human lives is the loss of hair. Unfortunately, all of us meet this problem of  hairloss in our lives. The hair makes an important part in self esteem and confidence. So the loss of one’s hair has a immense psychological impact on a human being. It may cause deep emotional trauma and loss of confidence. It’s as if one’s self confidence is getting questioned as the hair steadily disappears. When you raise question ‘am I getting bald?’ the near and dear ones will give you the answer with so many suggestions about treatments.    Stages of Hair loss Anagen- Active Growth Phase of hair follicles which starts in the papilla. The root divides rapidly to add length to the hair. This growing phase lasts for 2-7 yrs, and hair grows 1-2cm in one month. Catagen – The active growth of hair ends, blood supply is cut and the part of the hair follicle gets attached to the hair shafts. The hair follicle pushes the hair upwards and  renews  itself, making way for the new hair. The hair will go on  increasing  length, because it is coming out, not due to growing. It  Lasts for about 2-3 weeks. Telogen-  In this stage, hair begins to fall. In most of the hair loss cases,  hair enters the Telogen stage very early leading to the visible hair loss The Main Causes Of Hair Loss Age Factors- As we age , the hair tends to thin naturally Heredity Factors-  The conditions called male-pattern baldness or female-pattern baldness are genetic in nature and is triggered by  certain sex hormones .Hormonal Factors MPB  seems to be caused by oversensitive hair follicles. This is linked to the hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is made from the male hormone testosterone. If DHT is more, the follicle reacts and The hair becomes thinner and grows for a shorter length of time than normal. Thyroid problems.- If the gland isn’t working properly, hair loss may result Other stags like pregnancy, childbirth, discontinuation of birth control pills or the onset of menopause will also lead to temporary hairloss. Auto immune factors- resulting in alopecia areata. The body’s immune system attacks hair follicles — causing smooth, roundish patches of hair loss. Scalp infections. Medications-  Used for Cancer, Arthritis, Depression, Heart problems, High blood pressure PRP Therapy The safest and latest non-surgical effective treatment for Hair loss is PRP therapy..   When hair dies, the layer of fat in the scalp that comprises most of the skin’s thickness shrinks. When hair growth begins, the fat layer expands in a process called adipogenesis. So the process of creation of new fat cell is very much required for the hair growth. These fat cells will produce Growth factors, which are necessary for hair growth. The PRP treatment will increase the concentration of your own growth factors around your remaining hair follicles and stimulate production of healthier hair – preventing hair loss and thickening hair. PRP is a non-surgical, but natural solution for hair restoration, in which autologus platelets enriched with growth factors are injected into the scalp. platelet rich plasma can wake up the dormant follicular stem cells in the scalp, and can lead to an increased hair growth. So PRP therapy  may quite potentially become the next major breakthrough in treating hair loss and growing hair. A number of recent case studies of hair loss sufferers suggest that platelet rich plasma can stop and reverse hair miniaturization caused by androgenic alopecia or male pattern baldness The result suggests that PRP stops hairloss and it can reverse miniaturization of hair follicles also. The application of PRP helps the  miniaturized hair follicles to become healthier and larger, producing more and fuller hair, naturally.  PRP is loaded with growth factors that promote rapid angiogenesis and localized cell growth. The Cases Treated With PRP Male Pattern Hair Loss – especially in the early stages of balding, or anytime there is a lot of miniaturized hair on the scalp •    Female Pattern Hair Loss – at all stages of hair loss •    Hypotrichosis (fine/reduced hairs) of the eyebrows or beard •    Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis •    Metabolic causes of hair loss – iron deficiency and medication induced hair loss   The Procedure Patients scalp is cleansed and cleaned. Then the numbing cream is applied on the scalp to avoid any pain during injection. A small amount of blood is collected from the patient and is processed to separate the PRP with growth factors, bio active proteins  and other components helping hair growth. This is re- introduced into patient’s scalp . A dermaroller  with micro needles is used to  provide local stimulation of the scalp. Dermaroller creates microscopic channels that allow the PRP to penetrate deep into the skin on the scalp so that  it can  stimulate growth of hair follicles and creates new blood vessels. PRP is extremely safe, since  and the patient  and the donor are the same and  there is no chance of allergy or rejection.